Essay on A Submissive Movement Fear or Devotion - 864 Words

A Submissive Movement: Fear or Devotion? The flagellant movement consisted of groups of people who would partake in extreme measures to atone for their sins. It was known as the â€Å"Brotherhood of the Flagellants or Brethren of the Cross† (Ziegler. It was a movement that emerged greatly in the 13th and 14th centuries. These extreme measures included whipping, fasting and wearing hair shirts. These groups would move from town to town publically chanting, praying and beating themselves. The members were seen as people who had extreme faith and devotion to God and His Church. The exact cause of the flagellant uprising is unknown and will probably never be discovered; however, could the uprising have been caused by fear? The members of these†¦show more content†¦36). The natural disasters spread fear throughout the land. This fear was caused by the belief that God was responsible for the natural disasters and plague that cursed the area. The catholic belief at that time was that God created the world and was s till heavily influenced by Him (Byrne p. 86). With his belief then it is easy to say that the disasters at the time were believed to be brought upon the population by God. The reason why God caused these disasters was also believed to be because his followers’ sins were far too many and thus he needed to purge the population of sinners (Article p. 273). The numerous amount of death that occurred during the Black Death made people think that the disease was not inconsistent with the biblical Apocalypse (Article p. 275). Many thought the end of the world was coming and they needed a way to repent for their sins to the fear of burning in Hell when their bodies died and their souls moved on. Those who wanted to participate in the flagellant movement believed that the only way to save them during burning in the fires of hell was to atone for their sins and suffer the way Jesus suffered. At first those who wanted to join the movement would confess their sins to the leader of the group. Then, they would commit to join the other members in one full procession, whichShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of In The Time Of The Butterflies By Julia Alvarez1433 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernment, problems arise for her. Minerva Mirabal in In the Time of the Butterflies by Julia Alvarez demonstrates courage, demonstrates rebelliousness, and demonstrates devotion. Minerva Mirabal, in In the Time of the Butterflies by Julia Alvarez demonstrates courage. To be courageous is to be brave and to not be averted by fear. It is a powerful trait to have because it allows people to always stand up for what they believe in. A person who is courageous can fight for themselves, which allows peopleRead MoreEssay on The Threat of Anne Hutchinson1318 Words   |  6 Pagesgained respect among Bostons women as a midwife, healer, and spiritual counselor (AP, p. 92). Although Hutchinson is documented to have been banished as a religious dissenter, the real motive for her persecution was that she challenged the submissive role of women in Puritan society by standing up and expressing her own religious convictions. Anne Hutchinson seemed destined for banishment from the Puritan Church and the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She had a strong demeanor, no doubt fromRead MoreWomen s Roles Over Time1158 Words   |  5 PagesFrom silent short films of the 19th century to full length films of the 1920s, women have played important central roles over time. Women have transitioned from submissive conservative roles to liberal something. A big part of this is due to the view of women changing in history. The 1800s was a time of, â€Å"advancement, invention and enterprise in the world of moving images.† Thomas Edison, with the help of his assistants, created and patented the Kinetograph and Kinetoscope in 1891. These tools laterRead MoreA White Shroud Of Cowardice Essay2594 Words   |  11 Pagesits violent racist attacks on others, but what is often unbeknownst is that the Ku Klux Klan has been reincarnated three times, each with a slightly different goal in mind. The first Klan was primarily focused on race, targeting black political movements, and undermining black civil rights however, something different occurred during the conception of the second Klan. The second Klan, while also racially motivated, also gained a newfound hatred. It developed the need to spread its corrupted ProtestantRead MoreThe Assault by Harry Mulisch, The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro and 1984 by George Orwell1552 Words   |  7 Pageseverything was all wrong,† (155). This is eviden ce of Anton beginning to delve into his past but his attacks soon passed, giving him the opportunity to ignore his memories once again. Throughout his adult life, Anton retains a general submissive attitude. He is not concerned with what is happening in his life. He accepts the actions of others blindly. He does not get involved with politics or social issues until faced with the views of his uncle and De Graaff, his father-in-lawRead MoreBook Report on Maya Angelous The Heart of a Woman1920 Words   |  8 Pagesevery other day. Make didn’t want Angelou to work, which frustrated her, especially with her being unaware of where their money actually came from. Their African and American cultures constantly conflicted, in which Make expected Angelou to be a submissive African wife and Angelou, on the other hand, yearned for the freedom as a working woman. These series of events are factors which led to unhappiness in her relationship with Vusumzi Make. Even though her and Make never married, she still felt obligatedRead MoreCulture and Religion8004 Words   |  33 Pages Cynicism (Greek cynicus, as school of ancient Greek philosophy)—a contemptuous disbelief in human goodness and sincerity, hence, a cynic adopts a sarcastic, sneering attitude. Devotion (Latin devovere, â€Å"to vow†)—Commitment to the will of God expressed through a Christian life. In a more specific sense, â€Å"devotions† refer to prayers or other religious practices of a private or non-official kind. They are intended to strengthen one’s relationship to God. Eucharist (Greek eucharisten, â€Å"to giveRead MoreHow Women Are Portrayed in Media6769 Words   |  28 Pagesthemselves. When there are not, the pressure is to be thin, physically attractive, and pleasing in order to be likable and popular. According to the National Institute on Media and the Family, studies have found that the medias focus on body image and submissive female stereotypes has affected childrens thinking. For example, in television comedies it was found that thin women were both praised more and less likely to be made fun of by male characters. In commercials directed at young girls, half mentionedRead MoreLa Ultima Cena5991 Words   |  24 Pageswitchcraft and dark magic that it is known as today in modern culture, however voodoo was not much different than other religion, with its respective gods, texts, etc. Nevertheless, the misunderstanding and rumors lead to white owners having a natural fear of Voodoo thus slaves were not allowed to practice it at all. As Brenda Marie Osbey states, â€Å"In the white colonial imagination, any and all belief systems particular to Africans and people of African descent, are assumed to fall into the category ofRead MoreJane Austen’s Novels and the Contemporary Social and Literary Conventions.12979 Words   |  52 Pages(quoted from Dobosiewicz p. 41 ). Like Gisborne, Fordyce also tends to elevate women as the catalysts of mankind’s development and guarantee of men’s felicity. His main concern is that the role of women is so significant because of their total devotion to men and the private sphere. [t]hey were manifestly intended to be the mothers and formers of rational and immortal offspring; to be a kind of softer companions, who, by nameless delightful sympathies and endearments, might improve our pleasures

Essay on The Citadel - 1279 Words

The Citadel In todays society, everyone has certain expectations in which to hold up to. Women, for example, are in most cases expected to hold up to a certain feminine look. Children are expected to be obedient of their parents. Men are expected to be strong and always in control. They are anticipated to be the backbone of society, never unsure or unconfident. A man is often looked down on if he is seen crying or showing any type of unmanly emotion. As a whole, the public does not realize that society has a tremendous impact on the actions of men. Because of these expectations held, men are forced to become the image that the world views as proper. Using James C. Scotts essay, Domination and the Arts of Resistance,†¦show more content†¦Here, offstage, where subordinates may gather outside the intimidating gaze of power, a sharply dissonant political culture is possible. Slaves in the relative safety of their quarters can speak the words of anger, revenge, self-assertion that they must normally choke back when in the presence of the masters and mistresses (515). It is often difficult to maintain the image that the public transcript holds; therefore, a hidden text is necessary. This transcript becomes a sacred and treasured state for the men of the Citadel. Because this shelter that the cadets have created is so valued, a fear of outsiders sets in. A hidden transcript is only maintained among the subordinate members. If outsiders are allowed in, their hidden transcript and refuge is violated. This is why many cadets at the Citadel are brutal toward women. With the treat of female cadets entering the school, many of the male cadets were faced with the realization that their sanctuary could be exposed. This fear results in anger, harassment, and violence. Faludis essay accounts for the harassment placed on Shannon Faulkner, the first woman admitted into the Citadel. Cadets expressed their fear and opposition by performing such acts as vandalizing her home. In an effort to preserve the status of their concealed transcript, the cadets s tated: Studies show#8212;I cant cite them but studies show that males learn better when females arent there. If a girl was here, Id beShow MoreRelatedThe Naked Citadel1204 Words   |  5 PagesShelby Gruber Bitz Writ 101 2 November 2012 Shadow of Oppression As human beings, the need for power is as strong as a need for love or belonging. In The Naked Citadel by Susan Faludi the students grab this power from women or even other students. They are stripped down to nothing and the only way they see to regain this power is through dominating the opposite gender and even violently taking control of their own gender. Through Reading Lolita in Tehran by Azar Nafisi the male government andRead MoreThe Naked Citadel, By Susan Faludi1575 Words   |  7 Pagesculture over the past years. This paper addresses ways in which the world and people change the perceptions and the understanding of fundamental principles that constitute permanent characteristic of individuals. As in Susan Faludi’s essay, â€Å"The Naked Citadel†, Faludi discusses how the new cadets, also known as â€Å"knobs† are transformed of their original identities to become the perfect soldier. This transformation leads to the behaviorally change, and leads to t he change of likes and dislike depending onRead MoreThe Naked Citadel By Susan Faludi1627 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribes love as a â€Å"positivity resonance†, using science to explain how it can be thought of as a connection between individuals through small, positive interactions. 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They believeRead MoreThe Naked Citadel By Susan Faludi1940 Words   |  8 Pagesand being so avid about living in sameness that it becomes dangerous. Fluidity and being open to revision is necessary in order to survive in an ever changing environment. In The Naked Citadel, Susan Faludi recounts the events that occurred during the period that Shannon Faulkner fought for acceptance to the Citadel, the military college of South Carolina. Throughout this time, the school community experienced utter chaos as a result of mixed emotions about letting a female gain the honor of becomingRead MoreThe Naked Citadel By Cathy Davidson1554 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular person or group different from others†. In Project Classroom Makeover, by Cathy Davidson, the author highlights how s tudents developed their identities through various cognitive thinking skills and the freedom to be creative. In The Naked Citadel, by Susan Faludi, identities are shaped through traditions, rules, and obedience. However, it is not to say that character cannot be formed by both the use of intellectual abilities and long standing practices. The creation and reforming of our identityRead MoreThe Naked Citadel By Andrew J Bacevich1576 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause American people prefer to hear the statement of simply understanding from their politicians who they vote. Also, American people prefer to see a simplicity in the military school in order to pursue their happiness. However, in â€Å"The Naked Citadel†, Susan Faludi exposed that there was no admission for women, sex-discrimination, and violence, and etc. many bad news in the military school. But the ugly and relentlessly truth deeply hurt American people’s feeling. Even if the reality is aroundRead MoreThe New Te rm Of School At The Citadel1967 Words   |  8 Pages School at the Citadel was not what he had envisioned or even close to what he would have ever expected. To start this nightmare off with a proper fright, he was smarter than those in all his classes and that caused quite a few problems. These were separate problems than those that had begun the first moment he was announced at the first student’s gathering to begin the new term of school. Just sitting in each of his assigned classes with others as his teachers spoke strongly that theyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Naked Citadel By Malcolm Gladwell1784 Words   |  8 Pages The Citadel symbolizes the enduring nature of traditional gender roles. It has fought long and hard to maintain an air of strictness, military refinement and manliness. However the traditional views enforced by the Citadel and its interaction within the context of the outside world has created what Susan Faludi, author of â€Å"The Naked Citadel†, refers to as an â€Å"atmosphere of cruelty†. Throughout her essay Faludi uses primary witnesses and factual evidence to expose the violent injustices done to â€Å"knobs†Read MoreAnalysis Of Hadot s The Inner Citadel1791 Words   |  8 Pagesfuture. We start as nothing and end as nothing and thus the time we have to make our mark on the world is limited. Humans are finite beings, not only in time but in the amount freedom and the d egree of control we have as well. In Hadot’s The Inner Citadel, he discusses his view on freedom, but more specifically, how free we truly are. He brings up the analogy that, â€Å"...the self becomes aware of itself as an island of freedom in the midst of a great sea of necessity,† (Hadot 112) which is trying to

Occupational Exposure to Pesticides †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Occupational Exposure to Pesticides. Answer: Introduction Pesticides are considered as substances that are used to control infectious diseases. These diseases include pests and weeds that are harmful to the crops. This, in turn, may lead to harming the human population as the consumption of these crops may lead to life-threatening diseases. Bara?ski et al. (2014) stated that pesticide includes herbicide, insecticide, molluscicide, rodenticide and so on. The most common form of pesticide is considered as herbicide that accounts for about 80% of the usage. The pesticide is normally associated with protecting crops from harmful diseases. The harmful organisms include mosquitoes, parasites, fleas and rodents. Guedes et al. (2016) stated that some of the benefits of pesticide include prevention of crop loss that can save the money and lives of the farmers. In many countries, farmers commit suicide due to the loss of crops either by natural causes or from being infected by pests. The cost required for purchasing stocks for harvesting crops are also reduced. Pesticide also helps in improving crops and livestock. This is important in order to ensure that invasive species does not affect the crops (Sanchez-Bayo and Goka 2014). It can also help in saving human as well as animal lives. This is done by ensuring that the crops are pest free and consumption of it does not cause diseases among the living beings. It controls the organisms that pose harm to the human beings. The biggest benefit that pesticide provides is the saving of costs and crops. It has been proven that every crop that has been saved is worth save of every money. It can also be used to prevent sickness all over the world. Fenner et al. (2013) observed that despite the positives of using pesticide, certain negative side effects also exist. The individuals indulged in the use of pesticides normally feel these side effects. The environment is degraded as well with the use of a pesticide. Some of the negative effects include increased chances of cancer. Pesticide includes the use of carcinogenicity that increases the chances of cancer among human being. It may also create organ failure and skin irritation because of the harmful effluents that exist. Trasande et al. (2016) stated that the poisonous substances used for killing microorganisms and rodents can severely affect the health of a human. Apart from this, the use of pesticide compromised the nutritional value of the crops. This is done because the soil required for harvesting the crop is contaminated because of the excess use of a pesticide. Some of the positive impacts of pesticide are the fact that it helps in the protection of crops from rodents a nd other microorganisms. This is important as most of the crops get destroyed from the infestation that is caused by rodents and microorganisms. Apart from this pesticide also helps to keep the crops healthy and reduces the cost required for purchasing livestock for the crops. The saving of crops and the proper harvesting of crops helps in the increase of income among the farmers. The environment is also degraded due to the existence of pesticide. Air, soil and water remain contaminated due to the use of pesticide in the ecology. It can be said that the environmental degradation also causes problems for the human beings and animals (Sharma et al. 2013). Hence, indirectly pesticide poses a threat to the environment. In countries belonging to the Asian regions, pesticides are found in the groundwater level. This is another factor that needs to be considered while analysing the effects of pesticide on the health and environment. Thus, the report is based on the topic and an analysis of the impact in the countries in the Asian region (Lu et al. 2015). The report is based on the impact of health and environment that pesticide has on the environment. The report focuses on a case study that deals with the use of pesticide in countries situated in Asia. The comparison is made between the use of pesticide in Bangladesh to understand the impact of the component. The case study also provides analysis about the consumption of pesticide items in the regions. Analysis of the issue is conducted and conclusions are drawn based on the evidence from the case study.he use of pesticide in the crops. Lebov et al. (2015) stated that along with the benefits of pesticide certain negative factors also exist that could cause harm to the environment as well as the people. One of the biggest issues that are faced by the use of pesticide is the fact that it spreads all over the place (Andersson, Tago and Treich 2014). The exact point where the pesticide is sprayed does not remain in the same location. This leads to the mobility of pesticide through soil, air and water. This is harmful because once the pesticide becomes mobile it encounters various organisms and causes harm. The organisms, as well as other materials, also encounter these pesticides (Lal, Hansen and Uphoff 2016). The reason behind the existence of treat due to the mobility of the pesticides is the fact that people encounter these components and become vulnerable. This may create the problem in lives of the human beings as the exposure to pesticides may cause life-threatening diseases. Van Meter et al. (2014) stated that the exposure to pesticide might cause incurable diseases such as cancer, skin infections, infertility and brain damage and so on. These diseases are most common to the farmers working in the fields with sprayers and mixtures in order to keep away harmful organisms. Miah et al. (2014) stated that it is during the time of manufacturing and formulation of the pesticides that most individuals are exposed to the component. Apart from this, neurological symptoms are also seen in some people that are exposed to pesticides. This also leads to various diseases that can be infectious for human beings. According to Linton et al. (2015), pesticides also spread in the human body through the food that is consumed. This is because, the farmers spread the pesticide in the crops, vegetables and fruits in order to prevent it from being consumed or destroyed by pests. As observed by Matthews (2015), about an average of 6000 food items is infected with pesticide. Despite the fact that the restaurants and household individuals wash the food before consumption, some residues of pesticides still remain. This proves to be a fatal factor for the human beings as the unknown consumption of the components leads to health issues. Many countries have reported poisoning due to the consumption of contaminated pesticide food. Zhu et al. (2014) stated that apart from human health, a pesticide also degrades the environment. The environmental degradation is caused by the flow of pesticide from place to another. The mobility of the component is caused by soil, water and air. Pesticides are toxic and pose th reat to organisms such as birds or animals. Some plants may also be degraded due to the emergence of pesticide in the environment. Pesticides are considered as the most harmful components that can pose a serious threat to lives (Croes et al. 2015). The negative side includes the occurrence of skin disease, cancer and other diseases that may cause a threat of life for an individual. This is an important negative aspect as the poison that is contained in the pesticides is also harmful to other organisms. Apart from this, the economic and environmental factors also get affected due to the use of pesticides. Water bodies are contaminated and as a result, aquatic lives are affected. About 143 different types of pesticides are found in the groundwater. Soil fertility is also lost due to the cause of pesticide (Sarwar 2015). This is because the loss of bacteria and fungi causes soil degradation. The overuse of pesticides and other chemicals affects the microorganisms in the soil. Hence, according to Yadav et al. (2015), crops tend to grow slowly or cease growth due to the absence of nutrition from the soil. Thus, the pesticide has many negative outcomes that play a vital role in the contamination of the environment and degrading the h ealth of the individuals. The report analyses a case study in order to establish a link between the impacts of pesticide on the health of the people residing in Bangladesh along with those of the other continents. The case study depicts the use of pesticide in Bangladesh. The utilisation of pesticide and other bug sprays are analysed in order to understand the rate at which the habitats of the countries are harmed. The analysis takes into account the impact of the use of a pesticide on the crops and on the health of the individuals. The use of the pesticide that is used in Bangladesh is analysed by identifying the specific usage rate since 1984. The case study also provides a detailed account with the harmful effects of pesticide use. The use of natural pesticides extracted from the environment, crop rotation policy and breeding of safe varieties are some of the ways by which the negative impact on the environment can be prevented. The use of protective clothing can prevent the occurrence of skin diseases. Countries like Bangladesh have extended the use of pesticide and bug sprays in order to give more life to the crops. According to Mamane et al. (2015), Bangladesh is an agricultural based country, therefore; the culturing of crops is needed in order for most people to survive. Hence, the use of pesticide is also required in order to ensure that the farmers earn a living by selling crops. However, the excess use of the pesticide can result in the decomposition of the soil and create an imbalance in the ecosystem. These pesticides are considered dangerous and harm the habitat of the living beings. As mentioned by Dabrowski, Shadung and Wepener (2014), excess use of a pesticide can have a dangerous influence on the lives of the people as well as other organisms. In Bangladesh, the use of herbicides and fungicides has increased at an alarming rate. The use of pesticide in Bangladesh started from 1951. Over the years its use has increased and in the year 1993, the use of the pesticide for the crops increased to 8000 metrics (Riah et al. 2014). This proves that the agricultural dependence in the country is higher. In order to understand the increase in the consumption of pesticide in the country, an analysis is conducted. From the table, it can be seen that the consumption of insecticide is in the form of granular, liquid and powder. This indicates the dependence on the use of insecticide in order to protect the crops. However, the use of the powder form of insecticide has been reduced in 1993. This is mainly because of the increase in the use of herbicides and fungicide. The table provides a detailed comparison of the increase in the use of herbicide and fungicide since 1984. As observed by Johnston, Fanzo and Cogill (2014) the increase in the use of these components is alarming given the fact that the families residing in the regions close to the agricultural fields are exposed to the dangers that can be spread from the components. The case study provides the fact that vegetables consist of the maximum amount of pesticide in Bangladesh. This is high after being compared with the other nations of the world. It has also been seen that about 76% of the use of pesticide consisting of 598.8 percent consumption rate per year prevails in the crops of Bangladesh. According to Khler and Triebskorn (2013), the impact of the purchase and consumption of pesticide may lead to sickness and loss of health among the people. This is mainly because of the fact the fact that the consumption of vegetables is relatively high among the people in Bangladesh (Balbus et al. 2013). Some of the ill-effects of health among people include malignancy, skin problems, and kidney failure and so on. Due to the alarming increase of illness among the people, the export of vegetables from Bangladesh has decreased in the recent years. Conclusion Hence, after analysing the impact of pesticide in the lives of the people and in the environment, it can be said that certain solutions can be provided in order to reduce the negative impact of pesticide. Apart from the reduced and calculated use of the component, it is required that the natural pesticides are used for the crops. The natural pesticide can be in form of the extraction from neem seeds that can be used to reduce the impact of pesticide in the crops. The use of the natural pesticide can prevent the degradation of soil and ecology as the extraction is done from the natural environment. The spread of the pesticide helps in preventing the spread of dangerous components. Generic methods can be used in order to breed safe varieties of the components. It has already been established that pesticides consist of harmful components that have a dangerous impact on the health of the individuals as well as the environment. Hence, the use of generic methods is recommended in order to prevent the spread of such harm in the environment. The generic methods include refining the component in order to create new breeds of pesticide. It may be difficult to launch the new breeds in the markets initially but with the advantages that it can have in the environment, the use of the new breeds can increase vehemently. Crop rotation can also be used in order to prevent the use of a similar pesticide. Every crop requires the use of different pesticide depending upon the growth rate and the nutritional value. This can prevent the soil from being affected by similar pesticides and prevent soil erosion and ecological degradation. Crop rotation can also help in saving the crops from being infected by microorganisms and rodents. This can also help the farmers to sell more crops and have store plenty crops in order to avert any natural calamity. It has been established that the most dangerous forms of pesticide are the use of herbicides and fungicides. This is mainly because of the fact that the harmful components in these types of pesticide cause problems in the lives of the people as well in the environment. Hence, the use of these forms of pesticide needs to be reduced in order to prevent the ill-effects. In countries like Bangladesh, the increased use of herbicides and fungicides has resulted in the decrease in the exports of vegetables from the country. This has also resulted in the loss of economy. Hence, it is required that the use of this pesticide be reduced in order to maintain economically as well ecological balance. Apart from these, protective clothes can also be used in order to prevent the skin from being exposed to the pesticide. The spread of pesticide causes the components to be mixed in the air and cause skin irritation. The use of protective clothing such as gloves, protective glasses, aprons and rubber boots can prevent any type of skin disease. However, pesticide flows through the air and as a result it can affect people that do not handle the component directly. This can be the serious threat to the people. Hence, it can be said that the use of protective clothing can prevent the spread of skin disease to some extent. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of pesticide has positive as well as negative effect on the crops and ecological environment. The choice of pesticide required for preventing the crops needs to be such that it does not degrade the environment. The case study has provided a detailed analysis of the excess use of pesticide in countries like Bangladesh and the negative impact it has on the people as well as the environment of the countries. The prevention of the use of the more harmful components is necessary in order to maintain balance in the ecological as well as environmental factors in the world. Reference Alam, M. R. a. M., 1997. risk assessment of pesticides used in bangladesh. journal of civil engineering, CE 25,no.1(1997), p. 98. Andersson, H., Tago, D. and Treich, N., 2014. Pesticides and health: A review of evidence on health effects, valuation of risks, and benefit?cost analysis.Preference Measurement in Health, pp.1-61. Balbus, J.M., Boxall, A., Fenske, R.A., McKone, T.E. and Zeise, L., 2013. Implications of global climate change for the assessment and management of human health risks of chemicals in the natural environment.Environmental toxicology and chemistry,32(1), pp.62-78. Bara?ski, M., ?rednicka-Tober, D., Volakakis, N., Seal, C., Sanderson, R., Stewart, G.B., Benbrook, C., Biavati, B., Markellou, E., Giotis, C. and Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J., 2014. Higher antioxidant and lower cadmium concentrations and lower incidence of pesticide residues in organically grown crops: a systematic literature review and meta-analyses.British Journal of Nutrition,112(5), pp.794-811. Croes, K., Den Hond, E., Bruckers, L., Govarts, E., Schoeters, G., Covaci, A., Loots, I., Morrens, B., Nelen, V., Sioen, I. and Van Larebeke, N., 2015. Endocrine actions of pesticides measured in the Flemish environment and health studies (FLEHS I and II).Environmental Science and Pollution Research,22(19), pp.14589-14599. Dabrowski, J.M., Shadung, J.M. and Wepener, V., 2014. Prioritizing agricultural pesticides used in South Africa based on their environmental mobility and potential human health effects.Environment international,62, pp.31-40. Fenner, K., Canonica, S., Wackett, L.P. and Elsner, M., 2013. Evaluating pesticide degradation in the environment: blind spots and emerging opportunities.Science,341(6147), pp.752-758. Guedes, R.N.C., Smagghe, G., Stark, J.D. and Desneux, N., 2016. Pesticide-induced stress in arthropod pests for optimized integrated pest management programs.Annual review of entomology,61, pp. Johnston, J.L., Fanzo, J.C. and Cogill, B., 2014. Understanding sustainable diets: a descriptive analysis of the determinants and processes that influence diets and their impact on health, food security, and environmental sustainability.Advances in Nutrition: An International Review Journal,5(4), pp.418-429. Khler, H.R. and Triebskorn, R., 2013. Wildlife ecotoxicology of pesticides: can we track effects to the population level and beyond?.Science,341(6147), pp.759-765. Lal, R., Hansen, D.O. and Uphoff, N. eds., 2016.Food security and environmental quality in the developing world. CRC Press. Lebov, J.F., Engel, L.S., Richardson, D., Hogan, S.L., Hoppin, J.A. and Sandler, D.P., 2015. Pesticide use and risk of end-stage renal disease among licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.Occup Environ Med, pp.oemed-2014. Linton, S.J., Kecklund, G., Franklin, K.A., Leissner, L.C., Sivertsen, B., Lindberg, E., Svensson, A.C., Hansson, S.O., Sundin, ., Hetta, J. and Bjrkelund, C., 2015. 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